What benefits does a disabled person of group 1 have? Federal Law "On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation"

Federal law defines state policy for the protection of persons with disabilities. What benefits does a disabled person of group 1 have? The list of payments, compensations, and the right to social adaptation are prescribed not in one law, but a list of legal and regulatory documents is being developed. Acts provide for the implementation of economic rights, civil and political freedoms subject to the principles and standards of international law.

In Russia, people with disabilities benefit from the benefits provided in the areas of social security, transport, healthcare, labor and others. Additional privileges are established at the regional level, providing a decent standard of living for people with disabilities in accordance with the system of benefits determined by law.

Persons belonging to the 1st disability group

The Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities defines disability as a persistent violation of certain body functions caused by injuries and developmental defects. Health disorder leads to limited life activities, loss of ability to take care of oneself, study and work, and requires social protection from the state. Citizens with serious health problems belong to the 1st group of disabilities and need assistance.

The disability group is established by the Institute of Medical and Social Expertise in the manner prescribed by the government. Depending on the magnitude of the violation of vital functions, a group is assigned to persons with disabilities, and minors are classified as "Disabled since childhood". The first group of disabilities includes persons who:

• serve themselves in everyday life only with the help of other people;
• Do not move without assistance;
• Feel disorientation in space;
• do not control their behavior;
• difficult to contact and communicate with others;
• cannot get a full education;
• can perform only certain labor operations.

Social Protection Aspects

Support for people with disabilities, their protection in society is carried out by the state system, which provides for legal, social and economic measures to make up for the limitations of the body's functionality. The activities are aimed at providing opportunities for people with disabilities, along with other citizens, to live a full-fledged social life.

What benefits does a disabled person of group 1 enjoy? The Pension Fund makes certain payments to unprotected citizens. As part of social benefits, people with disabilities are given medicines for free or at a discount. They are provided with vouchers for treatment in the sanatorium, free trips in the transport of the city or suburbs. For disabled people, privileges are provided for the payment of land and property taxes. Unprotected citizens living in Moscow receive a Muscovite social card, which expands a number of standard benefits.

Activities of public services in relation to persons with disabilities

Legislation defines measures of social adaptation in accordance with the Constitutional provisions, the Federal Law on Protection, other legislative acts and regulations. The federal government carries out the following activities:

• determines the state attitude to the vulnerable layers of society;
• adopts state laws in this area and makes changes to existing regulatory documents;
• controls the implementation of protection;
• concludes agreements and treaties of Russia on the protection of persons with disabilities;
• determines the principles of the medical examination for establishing a group and conducting rehabilitation; decides what benefits are granted to a disabled person of group 1;
• makes standardization of social services, technical recovery methods, establishes rules and norms on accessibility for disabled people of the social environment, defines certification requirements;
• establishes the procedure and accredits institutions and enterprises, regardless of the form of ownership, helping to restore the disabled;
• develops and implements targeted programs for the protection of persons with disabilities, defines benefits for disabled children of the 1st group;
• finances and implements basic state rehabilitation programs;
• creates and controls a network of state-owned objects for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities;
• defines a list of specialties in the field of the rehabilitation industry and is engaged in their qualification training;
• finances and coordinates research and development regarding the problems of persons with disabilities;
• develops guidelines for the adaptation of persons with disabilities;
• sets quotas for jobs for unprotected layers and monitors their distribution;
• monitors the activities of public communities of persons with disabilities and provides assistance;
• establishes state benefits to enterprises, organizations and business partnerships that invest in the field of rehabilitation of persons with disabilities and contain in the authorized capital the contributions of the association of persons with disabilities;
• determines what privileges a disabled person of group 1 has; establishes state assistance to certain categories;
• calculates the indicators and expenditures of the state budget on the issues of adaptation and recovery of disabled people;
• It contains a unified register of unprotected citizens, develops a system for collecting statistical information on the economic and social situation of persons with disabilities.

Medical and social examination work

The Bureau of Social and Medical Expertise, within the framework of the law, shall examine a disabled person and determine measures of social assistance and protection. Experts estimate the size of the disruption of the body, limiting life activities and choose an individual program for the restoration of a person.

Experts prescribe an extended medical study of the disabled person, and on the basis of the results give an assessment of the condition of the body. The analysis of functional abilities, social conditions of living, professional and labor opportunities is carried out, the data of psychological examination are taken into account. The obtained results influence the conclusions about what benefits are most urgent for people with disabilities, and a rehabilitation and habilitation program is being drawn up.

The Social and Social Bureau is managed by the Federal Service for Social Research, which, in turn, is part of the structure of the social assistance system for the population. Medical research and the rehabilitation system are included in the basic system of medical insurance for Russian citizens, financed by the state fund and partially by regional insurance organizations of federal affiliation. Medical and social examination performs the following work:

• defines degree of disability and assigns a group, determines the causes and timing of the occurrence of violations, identifies needs for specific types of assistance;
• develops individual recovery measures, finds out what benefits a disabled person of group 1 has;
• processes, studies statistics on the level and causes of disability among the population of the region and country;
• develops and implements comprehensive measures for the prevention, rehabilitation and protection of the population;
• identifies the degree and causes of disability of individuals injured as a result of work or professional conditions; wheelchair users who have been injured in the workplace are particularly attracted by the attention;
• within the framework of Russian legislation, it determines the causes of the death and provides the family with the required list of services, payments and benefits.

For all federal authorities, the conclusion of a medical and social examination service becomes a prerequisite for work, this list includes organizations and institutions for rehabilitation work, regardless of ownership.

The essence of rehabilitation

Disability recovery is a system of measures aimed at eliminating the limitations of life and work or their compensation. The purpose of rehabilitation is to return the lost social status to an individual with a disability, gaining them material independence and adaptation in society. People with disabilities receive free spa treatment, material assistance, and other benefits.

Rehabilitation from a medical point of view means restoration through therapeutic measures, surgical operations, orthosis and prosthetics techniques. If we talk about professional adaptation, then activities constitute orientation in various fields of activity, obtaining a new education for work, adaptation in the production environment, and employment in armored places. In addition, people with disabilities undergo adaptation in the social environment and everyday life.

State basic rehabilitation program

Wheelchair users belonging to the first group receive guaranteed benefits, rehabilitation measures are aimed at them, services and technical facilities are provided free of charge from the state budget. The federal program for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities is approved by the Russian government. Technical means, required services, material compensation are issued to unprotected citizens in kind.

Technical rehabilitation tools include wheelchairs, chairs, crutches, and dentures. In order to get these devices for use, a disabled person draws up an individual recovery program at the regional medical and social center for examination. After passing the set of necessary studies, a person with a disability is issued a certificate of the technical device used for rehabilitation for movement or another purpose.

Repair and replacement of spare parts for equipment is carried out at the expense of the state. Disused strollers and chairs do not come back, as happened before 2008.

Program for the individual recovery and habitation of a disabled person

An individual rehabilitation system for a disabled person is developed for each individual separately, taking into account the inherent violations of the body’s functionality. The program includes information on changes in the work of a particular body and includes a list of measures for its partial or full restoration. The system of individual recovery helps the patient determine the most effective way to solve the problem, find out what benefits the disabled person of group 1 has. One disabled person needs help in providing a job, another in organizing special training, a third needs help from a social worker to organize life.

Hair removal is a new concept. It consists in the adaptation of a disabled person in the social sphere, includes the formation of business and social activity. The program includes full or partial independence in material terms. For this, specific activities are prescribed with the choice of the executor, whether it is the organization of labor activity, the distribution of medicines for free or classes in a sports complex.The earlier idea that a disabled person is a person who has lost the ability to function normally is replaced by the fact that many people do not have such abilities from birth, for example in the case of cerebral palsy. The habilitation program not only restores lost abilities, but also teaches an unprotected member of society those functions that the patient has not had since his birth.

The program contains only recommendations; a disabled person refuses any activities of his own free will without further consequences. In terms of the choice of the training performer or the formation of production skills, the disabled person or his guardian determines which one will help more effectively. The ownership of the institution does not matter. People with disabilities are given medicines free of charge, and if an individual buys medicines or technical equipment for his money, then he is paid compensation. A complete refusal of a disabled person from an individual recovery program exempts the relevant authorities from liability and does not mean receiving compensation for free events that have not been carried out.

Community benefits for disabled people of group 1

Privileges for housing and utility services are provided by the state to persons with disabilities in the amount of at least 50% of the total cost. Such benefits apply to municipal or state housing. The remaining forms of ownership of unprotected citizens do not fall under the category of payment for housing. As for utility bills, here the form of belonging to other housing funds does not matter.

Heating in a private house with an individual boiler is compensated by the material sum for the purchase of fuel in the amount of consumption norms defined in the legislation. Persons with disabilities are given the right to receive housing out of turn, provided that the person is recognized as one who needs to improve housing. If a disabled person has a disease that interferes with family members living together with him, he will be provided with additional housing.

Benefits and compensation for spa holidays and treatment

Disabled persons of the first group are entitled to gratis spa treatment once a year for three years after the registration of the group. Once a year, travel to the sanatorium or resort is allowed for free. If accompanying persons traveling with him, for whom there is a direct need, then the privilege of free travel also applies to them.

The right to receive rest at the resort and the sanatorium is entitled to disabled people of all three groups and unprotected citizens without determining the degree of restriction. Children with disabilities enjoy such benefits without restriction. Citizens receive vouchers for medical indications for such treatment in sanatorium complexes located on the territory of the country and included in the list of recommended resorts by the health and social development authorities.

Instead of a spa vacation, upon personal application of a citizen, ambulatory treatment at the resort without food and accommodation on the territory. Vouchers for the disabled are paid by the Social Insurance Fund of Russia. The length of stay at the resort, the selection of applicants are determined taking into account medical indications or contraindications for treatment, data are provided by the center for medical and social research.

Pension benefits for people with disabilities

Disabled people of group 1 are paid the largest pension payments in comparison with the categories of other groups. The standard amount of pension provision is 9.5 thousand rubles. If a disabled person has a seniority at the time of calculating a pension, then additional funds are accrued to this amount. In addition, all disabled people are entitled to a fixed supplement in the amount of 4.3 thousand rubles.

Some categories are assigned state retirement benefits the basis of which is a social allowance, depending on the cause of the disability.Persons with disabilities who suffered injuries during the Leningrad blockade are assigned a pension that is twice the social benefits for disabled people of group 1. Pensioners who have lost viability in wartime are paid three times more.

Help in choosing a job

Persons with disabilities have the right to work, and the state provides substantial assistance in this. Organizations and enterprises that use the work of people with disabilities at work are provided with financial assistance and preferential credit conditions. At enterprises capable of employing persons with disabilities, quotas are mandatory to be established for applying for work of citizens who are not socially protected, regardless of the form of ownership of institutions.

Reservation of places of work for persons with disabilities of certain professions suitable for people with disabilities in terms of employment, certain benefits are provided for persons with disabilities (1 group). Moscow provides additional protection measures, for this a special card of the disabled person in the city is issued. In Moscow, a taxi service has been developed for transporting people with disabilities. Half of the cost is paid by the city authorities, the rest is paid by a disabled person. One escort and individual vehicles are allowed.

Preferential Education

For admission of socially unprotected citizens to state educational institutions of various categories, including higher ones, admission is out of competition. Benefits take effect after passing exams and tests. The compliance of the chosen specialty with the medical examination report and the recommendations of the social service plays a role. All disabled people who have received training receive a scholarship on a mandatory basis, use the necessary teaching aids.

In conclusion, it should be noted that people with disabilities in Russia are not left to their own devices. The state without fail helps citizens recover with injuries, disruptions in the work of internal organs. The care of federal services contributes to the gradual return of some lost functions, allows the disabled person not to feel like an outcast, restore social significance and status, and establish financial standing and personal relations.